Uyghur & World History timeline

Uyghur & World History timeline

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Uyghur Events	World Events
Ancient Origins of Uyghurs (Pre-6th Century BCE) – Nomadic ancestors of the Uyghurs possibly linked to early Turkic and Central Asian tribes.	Mesopotamian Civilization (circa 3100 BCE) – The first known urban civilization developed in the Fertile Crescent, creating early writing and law systems.
	Construction of Pyramids of Giza (circa 2580 BCE) – Egypt built monumental pyramids as tombs for pharaohs, showing advanced engineering.
	Rise of Ancient Greece (8th Century BCE) – Greece flourished with the rise of city-states like Athens and Sparta, introducing democracy and philosophy.
Uyghur Presence in Central Asia (6th Century BCE–1st Century BCE) – The Uyghurs are thought to have been part of the Tiele Confederation and active in the trade routes of Central Asia.	Roman Republic Established (509 BCE) – The Roman Republic was formed, creating republican institutions that would influence political systems.
Formation of the Uyghur Khaganate (744 CE) – The Uyghurs established a powerful empire in Central Asia, ruling from present-day Mongolia and controlling parts of the Silk Road.	Abbasid Caliphate’s Golden Age (750 CE) – The Abbasid Caliphate expanded Islamic culture and science, centered in Baghdad.
	The Viking Age Begins (793 CE) – Norse seafarers began raiding and trading across Europe, expanding Viking influence from Scandinavia.
	Charlemagne Crowned Holy Roman Emperor (800 CE) – Charlemagne was crowned, uniting much of Western Europe and laying foundations for the Holy Roman Empire.
Collapse of the Uyghur Khaganate (840 CE) – The Uyghur Khaganate was defeated by the Kyrgyz, causing Uyghurs to migrate westward into the Tarim Basin.	Abbasid Caliphate’s Golden Age Continues (9th Century) – Cultural and scientific advancements continued to flourish in the Abbasid Caliphate.
Kingdom of Qocho (9th–14th Century) – Uyghurs established the Kingdom of Qocho in the Tarim Basin, becoming a center of trade and Buddhism after the collapse of the Uyghur Khaganate.	Song Dynasty in China (960-1279 CE) – The Song Dynasty introduced major advancements in technology, agriculture, and the arts.
Uyghur Conversion to Islam (10th–12th Century) – Under the influence of the Karakhanid Empire, many Uyghurs converted from Buddhism to Islam.	Crusades in the Middle East (1095–1291 CE) – European Christian armies launched military campaigns to reclaim the Holy Land from Muslim rule.
	The Mongol Empire (13th Century CE) – Genghis Khan united the Mongol tribes, creating one of the largest empires in history, spanning from Europe to Asia.
Mongol Rule over Uyghurs (13th Century) – Uyghur lands became part of the Chagatai Khanate under Mongol rule, maintaining some autonomy.	West African Empires Flourish (13th–15th Century CE) – The Mali Empire, led by rulers like Mansa Musa, grew wealthy through trade in gold and salt.
	Renaissance in Europe (14th–17th Century CE) – A cultural revival began in Europe, marked by advancements in art, science, and exploration.
	Gutenberg Printing Press (1440 CE) – The invention of the printing press revolutionized the spread of information and knowledge across Europe.
End of Mongol Rule and Rise of the Yarkand Khanate (1514 CE) – After Mongol rule weakened, the Yarkand Khanate took control of Uyghur lands, establishing local rule in the Tarim Basin.	Christopher Columbus Discovers the Americas (1492 CE) – Columbus’ voyage opened the way for European exploration and colonization of the Americas.
Zunghar Khanate Conflicts (17th–18th Century) – The Uyghur region faced conflicts with the powerful Zunghar Khanate, a Mongol state in Central Asia.	Scientific Revolution in Europe (17th Century) – Groundbreaking discoveries in astronomy, physics, and biology revolutionized scientific thought in Europe.
Qing Conquest of Xinjiang (1759 CE) – The Qing Dynasty defeated the Zunghar Khanate and incorporated Xinjiang (including Uyghur lands) into the Chinese Empire.	Industrial Revolution (1760–1840 CE) – Technological advancements like the steam engine transformed industries, leading to rapid urbanization.
	American War of Independence (1775–1783 CE) – The American colonies fought for independence from Great Britain, leading to the formation of the United States.
Kashgar Rebellion (1864 CE) – Uyghur-led rebellions against Qing rule in Xinjiang resulted in short-lived independent states in the region.	The French Revolution (1789–1799 CE) – French citizens overthrew the monarchy, establishing a republic and spreading revolutionary ideals across Europe.
	Abolition of Slavery (19th Century CE) – The abolition of slavery became widespread across the world, including Europe and the Americas.
First East Turkestan Republic (1933–1934 CE) – A brief independent Uyghur state was established in Kashgar before being overthrown by Chinese forces with Soviet assistance.	Rise of Nazi Germany (1933 CE) – Adolf Hitler rose to power, establishing a fascist regime in Germany that led to World War II.
	World War II (1939–1945 CE) – A global conflict involving the Axis and Allied powers that reshaped the world order and led to the founding of the United Nations.
Second East Turkestan Republic (1944–1949 CE) – Another short-lived independent Uyghur state was founded in northern Xinjiang with Soviet support, before being absorbed into Communist China.	Founding of the United Nations (1945 CE) – The UN was established after World War II to promote peace and prevent future conflicts.
Incorporation of Xinjiang into Communist China (1949 CE) – Xinjiang was fully integrated into the People's Republic of China under Mao Zedong’s Communist regime.	Cold War Begins (1947–1991 CE) – A geopolitical struggle between the United States and the Soviet Union defined global politics for much of the 20th century.
Cultural Suppression under Mao Zedong (1950s–1970s) – Uyghurs, like other minority groups, faced repression during the Cultural Revolution, which sought to unify China under a single ideology.	Civil Rights Movements (1950s–1970s) – Movements for racial equality, particularly in the U.S., led to the dismantling of legal segregation and discrimination.
Uyghur Separatist Movements (1980s–2000s) – Increased Uyghur activism and calls for autonomy or independence from China, leading to periods of unrest.	9/11 Terrorist Attacks (2001 CE) – Al-Qaeda’s attacks on the U.S. led to the War on Terror, and military interventions in Afghanistan and Iraq.
2009 Urumqi Riots – Ethnic violence broke out between Uyghurs and Han Chinese in Urumqi, the capital of Xinjiang, leaving hundreds dead.	Global Financial Crisis (2008 CE) – A severe worldwide economic downturn was triggered by the collapse of the U.S. housing market, causing widespread recession.
Mass Detentions and Re-Education Camps (2017–Present) – Over a million Uyghurs were detained in "re-education" camps, sparking international outcry over human rights abuses.	COVID-19 Pandemic (2020–Present CE) – A global pandemic caused by the novel coronavirus, leading to millions of deaths and economic disruption worldwide.
	Russia-Ukraine War (2022–Present) – Russia’s invasion of Ukraine triggered a major conflict in Europe, with global repercussions.

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